Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Designing Enterprise Architecture Frameworks MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Designing Enterprise Architecture Frameworks. Answer: Introduction RetailCo. is a grocery store retail chain that has a particular framework design. The business operations of the organization keeps running as indicated by the request of the parts identified with the framework engineering. According to the IEEE standard 42010:2011, framework engineering is portrayed as "pivotal thoughts or properties of a structure in its condition exemplified in its segments, associations, and in the gauges of its arrangement and progression". Past framework design advancement, it in like manner joins business relics like goals, things and organizations, markets, business structures and others (Furber et al. 2013). Try plans have been portrayed in various courses in the written work. As demonstrated by various specialists composing review, five general layers of huge plans of action build a run of the mill introduce in the present composition: business engineering, framework advancement design, fuse configuration, programming design and development engineering. If necessities conclusions starting at now exist, they ought to be used. In light of current circumstances, wherever there is effect, fashioners are immovably asked to gather as one with business analysts or the requirements gathering, rather than following in their trail (Kasemsap 2015). Inevitably, the modeler should be accountable for the basically essential game plan of necessities. In this report, the diverse parts and types of the architecture design for RetailCo have been given including some architecture diagrams in which, the useful and non-useful segments have been appeared in the real operational request. Conceptual Architecture The context diagram of the system perceives the system parts and interconnections among sections, and the running with depictions document the commitments of each portion. Helper choices are driven by tradeoffs among collaborating or despite conflicting system properties or qualities, and the strategy for thinking range clarifies and report this relationship between the plan requirements and the structures (parts and connectors, or instruments) in the designing. This diagram is used to describe all the components of the system as they are connected to each other according to their relations. The complete system is executed when all the components of the system act one after another in the specific order as shown in the diagram. This diagram is used to show the overall architecture of the system mentioned in the RetailCo. case study. The possibility of business architecture has been an investigation subject for more than 20 years. Notwithstanding the way that some near musings have been circulated some time recently, the Zachman framework is as often as possible implied as an unprecedented first defining moment for understanding and showing the multifaceted way of the business-IT relationship in associations. Settling on fundamental decisions and taking after their utilization can profit by a straightforwardness on the interrelation of philosophy, systems and IT (Furber et al. 2013). As an always expanding number of methodology today rely on upon IT, it is a need to separate strategies and systems in association with the IT and to fathom their interdependencies. Research and practice drove the progression in this field forward in the midst of the latest two decades. In any case, in the midst of the latest de cade, EA and EAM expanded more thought in research and practice. One of the essential reasons is the level of unpredictability that IT and process scenes in broad associations have accomplished today. Logical Architecture This diagram shows the logical architecture of the entire system of RetailCo. Logical architecture for enterprise architecture management (EAM) are depicted as finishing straightforwardness, improving business IT course of action and purposely controlling the IT. Straightforwardness can be recognized on each of the beforehand said layers and over the layers by announcing and sorting out the fragments of an EA. The limit of enormous business outline organization ought to obtain the data anticipated that would record the as-is designing as a basic commitment for essential and also for operator decisions in the association (Kasemsap 2015). Additionally, it should aggregate information and plan a to-specialist of the association later on and the change steps provoking the new status (direct). In spite of the way that IT has oftentimes been delivered from an IT perspective, it is in like manner seen as a mean to give an ordinary vernacular to business and IT. This fundamental lingo can pr ovoke a predominant perception of the business-IT relationship and upgrade the business-IT course of action as the IT black box is opened. This diagram shows the component model that is currently operating in RetailCo. supermarket retail chain. According to the IEEE standard 42010:2011, architecture development is portrayed as "vital thoughts or properties of a structure in its condition exemplified in its segments, associations, and in the guidelines of its arrangement and progression". The relation between the components of this particular system is shown in the diagram. Past an information system building, it in like manner consolidates business targets like goals, things and organizations, markets, business structures, et cetera (Fu et al. 2016). Attempt plans have been described in various courses in the written work. As demonstrated by analysts' works, five general layers of huge plans of action build a normal introduce in the present composition: business designing, process outline, consolidation configuration, programming plan and development designing. This diagram shows the interaction between different components of the RetailCo architecture system. The proposed strategy for the progression of architecture outline of PPDR affiliations like RetailCo adopts after a consistent strategy, looking "attempt" as the joint undertaking of no less than one relationship with PSS obligations that work over an appropriated and routinely complex condition (Kong et al. 2014). This understanding states, that we see an endeavor in this setting as not-for-benefit arranged affiliations or complex structures of affiliations (inter-organizational some portion of enormous business definition, for instance, national PPDR relationship, for example national police or firefighter affiliations. Going before to the definition and change of circumstances the underlying stage in the progression approach is the importance of Visions and Goals with a particular ultimate objective to depict a general strategy including the triumphant of supporters for the general architecting approach. Recollecting dreams and destinations the accompanying step is the change of specialist circumstances. One can see the circumstance change as the essential strong walk towards enormous business outline and being critical for our proposed theory. As needs be, this movement requires an adjacent coordinated effort with operational end-customers. It has been seen that the enablement of PPDR relationship with respect to their availability, interoperability and normal frameworks organization as a formative approach in light of an orchestrated and obvious method which needs to oversee significantly complex issues. In programming building the parcel and vanquish standard is much of the time used to manage complex issues (Muller 2016). This standard is implied support the transformative system remembering the true objective to oversee bits of humbler multifaceted design. These pieces with lessened unusualness are the Capabilities. One can appreciate a Capability according to as: "A limit that an affiliation, individual, or structure has. Limits are frequently conveyed with everything taken into account and irregular state terms and customarily require a blend of affiliation, people, techniques, and development to achieve". Operational Model This diagram shows the logical operational model of the RetailCo architecture system. The objective of the logical operational model diagram is to direct thought at a fitting decay of the system without delving into the unpretentious components of interface detail. Key forms are perceived, including basic auxiliary segments, for instance, parts and associations among them, and also compositional frameworks. Compositional frameworks are planned to address cross-cutting concerns (i.e., those not limited inside a singular part). In case necessities judgments starting at now exist, they ought to be used. Things being what they are, wherever there is effect, fashioners are immovably encouraged to rally with business analysts or the essentials gathering, rather than following in their trail. In the long run, the modeler (or building gathering) should be responsible for the fundamentally important course of action of necessities (Khan et al. 2016). No structure can have ultra-execution, ultra-quality and ultra flexibility. Exchange off does not infer managing with the reasonable inferred nevertheless, yet rather picking where to surpass desires. The business affiliations need to describe where they will isolate their structure, and where they will recognize forceful correspondence or "sufficient" for their market segment(s). By focusing on key creates and thoughts rather than an extension of particular purposes of intrigue, connected plan gives a significant vehicle to giving the building to non-specific social events of individuals, for instance, organization, promoting, and various customers. It is moreover the starting stage for Logical Architecture, which explains the part particulars and building instruments to make the outline correct and essential. The headway is an iterative and savvy process with a dynamic refinement of operational methodologies, and necessities. Circumstances construed join as-is circumstances and besides to-be circumstances or a mix of them two. In the event that there ought to be an event of encountering lacks while delineating the designing in that the circumstances don't give enough commitment to the progression of the perspectives/sees the OSSAF Engagement Questionnaire will be used to get the required information (Zarvi? and Wieringa 2014). The to-be circumstances are particular basic to perceive needs in limits. Since the circumstances are delivered in close joint effort with endusers, it is acknowledged that they mirror customer's needs in a sufficient way. As a side note, there may develop some perplexity on limits in relationship to necessities. Rather than a capacity, an essential must be appreciated as a specific announced physical and valuable need that perceives a basic quality, trademark, or nature of a system to have regard and utility to a customer, relationship, inside customer, or other accomplice (Mulligan and Olsson 2013). The introduction of Capabilities as essential masterminding things prompts the approach of capacity based orchestrating. This is clearly not another approach. It is associated for a significant long time in light of respects to the NATO keeping the ultimate objective to give interoperability over the whole scope of structure plans required for general course of action of the NATO wander putting extra thought on interoperability from specific up to the semantic level. Seeing capacity based organizing as the general administer, our certified approach for the progression of an EA proposes circumstances as es sential data. Conclusion In this report, the diverse parts and types of the architecture design for RetailCos business system have been given as outlines in which, the non-functional and functional segments have been appeared in the real operational request. These charts are utilized to demonstrate the intelligent relations between the diverse useful and non-utilitarian segments of the framework engineering utilized by RetailCo. The framework setting outlines additionally give acknowledgment to the structure parts and interconnections among fragments, and the running with depictions chronicle the commitments of each portion. Helper choices are driven by tradeoffs among collaborating or despite conflicting system properties or qualities, and the technique for thinking territory clarifies and report this relationship between the plan essentials and the structures (parts and connectors, or instruments) in the building. The targets and points of interest of enormous venture engineering administration (EAM) are d epicted as fulfilling straightforwardness, improving business IT course of action and purposely controlling the IT. Straightforwardness can be recognized on each of the beforehand said layers and over the layers by announcing and sorting out the sections of an EA. The limit of enormous business outline organization ought to acquire the data anticipated that would record the as-is building as a basic commitment for imperative and likewise for operator decisions in the association. Besides, it should amass information and plan a to-designer of the association later on and the change steps provoking the new status (control). In spite of the way that IT has as often as possible been created from an IT perspective, it is similarly seen as an expect to give an ordinary vernacular to business and IT. This essential lingo can provoke an unrivaled understanding of the business-IT relationship and upgrade the business-IT course of action as the IT black box is opened. The headway is an iterat ive and clever process with a dynamic refinement of operational methodologies, and necessities. Circumstances gathered join as-is circumstances and besides to-be circumstances or a mix of them two. References Baldwin, C., MacCormack, A. and Rusnak, J., 2014. Hidden structure: Using network methods to map system architecture.Research Policy,43(8), pp.1381-1397. Crawley, E., Cameron, B. and Selva, D., 2015.System architecture: Strategy and product development for complex systems. Prentice Hall Press. Fu, J., Luo, A., Luo, X. and Liu, J., 2016, July. A Component Business Model-Based Approach for Business Architecture Integration of C4ISR System. InInformation Science and Control Engineering (ICISCE), 2016 3rd International Conference on(pp. 17-21). IEEE. Furber, S.B., Lester, D.R., Plana, L.A., Garside, J.D., Painkras, E., Temple, S. and Brown, A.D., 2013. Overview of the spinnaker system architecture.IEEE Transactions on Computers,62(12), pp.2454-2467. Kaloxylos, A., Groumas, A., Sarris, V., Katsikas, L., Magdalinos, P., Antoniou, E., Politopoulou, Z., Wolfert, S., Brewster, C., Eigenmann, R. and Terol, C.M., 2014. A cloud-based Farm Management System: Architecture and implementation.Computers and Electronics in Agriculture,100, pp.168-179. Kasemsap, K., 2015. The role of information system within enterprise architecture and their impact on business performance.Technology, innovation, and enterprise transformation, pp.262-284. Khan, F., Jan, S.R., Tahir, M., Khan, S. and Ullah, F., 2016. Survey: Dealing Non-Functional Requirements at Architecture Level.VFAST Transactions on Software Engineering,9(2), pp.7-13. Kong, X., Zhang, M., De Smet, I. and Ding, Z., 2014. Designer crops: optimal root system architecture for nutrient acquisition.Trends in biotechnology,32(12), pp.597-598. Muller, G., 2016. Module System Architecture Context. Mulligan, C.E. and Olsson, M., 2013. Architectural implications of smart city business models: an evolutionary perspective.IEEE Communications Magazine,51(6), pp.80-85. Orman-Ligeza, B., Civava, R., de Dorlodot, S. and Draye, X., 2014. Root System Architecture. InRoot Engineering(pp. 39-56). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Palattella, M.R., Dohler, M., Grieco, A., Rizzo, G., Torsner, J., Engel, T. and Ladid, L., 2016. Internet of things in the 5G era: Enablers, architecture, and business models.IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications,34(3), pp.510-527. Peng, M., Li, Y., Zhao, Z. and Wang, C., 2015. System architecture and key technologies for 5G heterogeneous cloud radio access networks.IEEE network,29(2), pp.6-14. Shaver, J., Rose, L., Young, Q. and Christensen, J., 2016, May. Challenges in the application of modular open system architecture to weapons. InSPIE Defense+ Security(pp. 98490F-98490F). International Society for Optics and Photonics. Wu, J., Xu, M., Mo, Z. and Liao, N., 2015. Study on Information System Architecture Based on Service-Dominant Logic.Intelligent Information Management,7(02), p.53. Zarvi?, N. and Wieringa, R., 2014. An integrated enterprise architecture framework for business-IT alignment.Designing Enterprise Architecture Frameworks: Integrating Business Processes with IT Infrastructure,63.

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Workplace Conflict free essay sample

A workplace Conflict Case Study Customers can react in different ways to situations. Please read the Following scenario then answer the question below. David was working for a seaside hotel as a car-parking valet. On a particularly busy day a guest arrived to pick up her car and David was the staff member who, following a request from reception, delivered the car to the guest at the Hotel’s entrance. Unfortunately for David, the customer had several complains about her car, the most serious being that there was a scratch on the passenger door.Interestingly, this type of complaint is not uncommon for parking valets as drivers seldom see their passenger doors (they usually get into the car on the driver’s side) unless standing waiting in a hotel driveway. The hotel’s standard operating procedures for car parking involves the car parking vale to check all cars prior to parking and note any car damage on the back of the hotel’s parking ticket prior to parking. We will write a custom essay sample on Workplace Conflict or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Fortunately, on this occasion, the person who had parked the car had dome thus job properly (staff often forget to do this when they are in a hurry). Hence, David was most relieved to be able to point out the diagram on the back of the parking ticket the car in the hotel’s parking bay. Unimpressed by this disclosure the guest snatch the car keys from David and marched around to the driver’s seat, getting out again almost as soon as she got in. This time the complaint was that the car showed many more kilometers than when she left it, and smelled of pizza. She accused David of using her car to buy pizza. Put yourself in David’s shoes. 1. Describe the general situation as it was before the conflict occurred. Outlining the existing relationships, between people, commenting briefly on personalities and detailing any prejudices, jealousy, underlying grievances, resentments, etc. that could have contributed towards ill-feeling between the parties involved. 2.Describe the behavior of all concerned prior to the disagreements between parties reach a peak detailing any circumstances that could have provoked the final outbreak of conflict. List choices everyone could make at this point that may stop the conflict from flaming up. 3. Describe what steps you would take to handle this difficult situation to ensure a satisfactory outcome could be achieved for both the guest and yourself. 4. What technique could David use to resolve this conflict? 5. How and why would this technique help the situation?

Friday, April 17, 2020

To an Unborn Pauper Chile free essay sample

Hardy considers the probable fate of a child soon to be born into poverty. This is a poem which grew from an incident that he probably witnessed in the Dorchester Magistrates Court but Hardys sincerity and compassion for the plight of human beings makes the incident of concern to us all. The poem begins startlingly with an opening line in which Hardy addresses the child as hid heart because it is as yet unborn in its mothers womb, and advises it not to be born to Breathe not and to cease silently. The rest of the verse gives Hardys reason for this advice. It is better to Sleep the long sleep because fate (The Doomsters) will bring the child troubles and difficulties (Travails and teens) in its life, and Time wraiths turn our songsingings to fear, that is our spontaneous feelings of joy and happiness in life are turned to fear by time. We will write a custom essay sample on To an Unborn Pauper Chile or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Time as usual in Hardys writings is seen as the enemy of man and the unusual conceptions of Fate as Doomsters and Time as Time-Wraiths (Spirits) suggests a conscious and deliberate process at work. STANZA 2 In the second stanza, Hardy develops the idea of the destructiveness of time urging the child to listen to how people sigh, and to note how all such natural positive values as laughter, hopes, faiths, affections and enthusiasms are destroyed by time. Set against these positive nouns are negative verbs suggesting this withering process: sigh, fail, die, dwindle, waste, numb. The verse concludes by stressing that the child cannot alter this process if it is born. In the third stanza, Hardy vows that if he were able to communicate with the unborn before their life on earth began, and if the child were able to choose whether to live or die, he would impart all his knowledge to the child and ask it if it would take life as it is. STANZA 4 Hardy immediately, and forcefully, rejects this as a futile vow, for he nor anyone can explain to the child what will happen to it when it is born (Lifes pending plan). The stanza contains weaknesses of style: the oddity of theeward and the awkward inversion Explain none can. But the last two lines present starkly the inevitability of birth in spite of the most dreadful events Life can bring. This ability to look unflinchingly at unpalatable reality is one of Hardys major strengths as a poet. Â  In contrast to the ending of the fourth stanza, the fifth one opens very gently. Hardy speaks directly and tenderly to the child, in simple monosyllables, wishing that he could find some secluded place (shut plot) in the world for it, where its life would be calm, unbroken by tear or qualm. But with tender simplicity, and the absence of any bitterness, Hardy recognises that I am weak as thou and bare he is unable to influence fate as the child. STANZA 6 The poem ends with the recognition that the child must come and live (bide) on earth, and the hope that in spite of the evidence it will find health, love and friends and joys seldom yet attained by people.

Tuesday, April 14, 2020

Creating Effective Expository Essay Sample Prompts

Creating Effective Expository Essay Sample PromptsTo write an effective expository essay sample prompt, you must begin by understanding the concept and purpose of the essay. Some of the most common features of the essay sample prompt include: identifying a central idea, defining specific examples, establishing a case for the conclusion, establishing a framework, detailing the values that motivate the essay, and contrasting perspectives. It is important to establish the primary and supporting details in order to maintain the theme of the essay as well as achieving a coherent yet engaging essay.The essay sample prompt should contain specific examples that show how the theme of the essay is relevant to specific examples of what has been written. It is also important to illustrate how the writer's perspective can be used to discuss the main points of the essay. It is also imperative to show how the values or viewpoint of the writer can affect the argument and the conclusion of the essay. By showing the importance of these elements, the reader is better able to absorb the information being presented.Defining the examples that support the conclusion of the essay is important to making the case for the key points. The sample essay may take on several forms. In many cases, it will focus on a single aspect of an issue or conflict. This is very often the case when a topic is complex and is being examined in multiple ways. The expository essay sample prompts should always include examples that illustrate the issues in a simple linear fashion.The examples should be easy to understand so that the reader is able to grasp the key ideas or point of the essay with ease. The main point and supporting details should be discussed to build an understanding of the main idea of the essay. In order to communicate the main idea clearly, the article sample should include basic and easy to understand language. The importance of this is to ensure that the reader understands what it is tha t is being presented.Using examples from both scientific research and local media outlets, this type of writing can be quite persuasive. The best examples have been gathered from news articles, newsletters, interviews, or press releases. Using research is important to ensure that the essay is not biased.The samples should highlight different facets of the story, but the main idea should be the driving force behind the arguments. The tone of the paper should be able to be easily understood. In addition, the tone must be easy to distinguish from one person to another. The expository essay sample prompts must always be able to summarize the main point in one sentence.To make the essay sample as persuasive as possible, it is imperative to stress why the main argument is relevant. The value of the essay will be determined by the degree of the motivation that was provided by the readers. Research has shown that this is generally accepted by readers. Additionally, the more convincing the e xample is in making the case for the points made, the better the essay will be.Writing an expository essay sample does not have to be difficult. The important thing is to have a clear idea of what you are trying to accomplish in each essay and the right key details to support your argument.

Friday, March 13, 2020

Mental Imagery essays

Mental Imagery essays Mental Imagery: What is our Imagination? Imagine that you are fishing by a lake, sitting on the soft green grass looking into the clear blue water, and drinking a cold beer. It is possible for humans to explicitly imagine and describe this situation, even down to the colors of the beer can; but there is one problem: how does the brain allow the description of tangible objects that are not in the actual perception field? Many debates within the cognitive science realm have concerned the problem of representation, namely how mental images are represented within the mind. In the following paper, mental images are identified as the visual representations in the mind when the image does not exist in the actual visual field. Two possible explanations exist for the way in which mental images are represented: they can be represented in the mind depictively as a picture or like sentences of descriptions in a syntactic language. The Pictorialist theory of mental imagery, which has been widely argued by Stephen Kosslyn, states that mental images are similar to pictures, being somewhat spatial and the parts of the mental image corresponding to the parts of the object represented. Visual imagery involves having entities in the mind, which are like, or functionally equivalent to, inner pictures. Some inner pictures are remnants of earlier impressions, but the brain also allows the capability to create mental images that are not conceivable in real life, for example most humans can mentally imagine the appearance of a green giraffe on roller skates, even though it is very unlikely that one will ever witness this. In contrast to the Pictorialist theory, Descriptionism states that mental images are more resemblant to language structure, rather than being structured as a picture. Description theorists consider the language-like content of the mental representations involved in imagery to be perceptual, but do not feel that the format of th...

Wednesday, February 26, 2020

Domestic versus Transnational Terrorism Assignment

Domestic versus Transnational Terrorism - Assignment Example Russian radicals in the 1870s explained that in modern times terrorism defines massive killings of humans through a statement issued politically by nongovernmental political actors. Pacific Tibetan Buddhists among the Chinese are vicious terrorists. Terrorism is the increasing conditions of war, murder, and torture of human beings. This paper will cover the causes of terrorism, terrorist groups, a comparison of the domestic terrorist group ISIS, their origins, goals, methodologies, tactics, and ideologies. Since the taking over of Mosul by the Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham (ISIS), a state of confusion has increased in the whole world regarding its origin, goals, tactics, objectives, and their nature of attacks. These extreme terrorist attacks have posed a serious threat to peace and security in the whole world. Ongoing recruitments of the young people to these terror groups have threatened the growth and development of many nations (Idachaba, 2015). Terror groups are common in their attacks since they are involved in high jacking of airlines, bombing government buildings, taking over some communities, abducting and kidnapping school children, beheading people among other terror attacks. Terrorism occurs because of religious differences, oppression, grievances that are historical, disobeying international laws, and extreme deprivations of country’s resources resulting in poverty. Expressions of hate in the economic hegemony, profits, frightening, discrimination against the race of people, guilt from certain associations, high and increasing levels of mortality, and extreme anger also cause terrorism in a country (Imre, 2008). The above actions when practised by terror groups cause fear, trembling, panic, and mass deaths among victims. Nongovernmental political actors affect these terrorist practices on human beings.   Terrorist groups are divided into foreign terrorist organizations and domestic terrorist organizations. Examples of foreign terrorist groups include Abe Nidal Organisations, Al-Shabaab, Army of Islam, and Palestine Liberation Front among others. Domestic terrorist organizations include Alpha 66, Army of God, Greenpeace, Jamaal ul-Fuqra among others.     

Monday, February 10, 2020

Dyslexia In Early Years Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Dyslexia In Early Years - Essay Example This is a problem that is identifiable through observing some characteristics, such as inability to distinguish right from left. According to Robb & Piazza (2004) some simple but critical knowledge such as understanding right and left, bottom and up, high and low as well as maintaining a particular position assigned to the child in a game need to be clearly understood by the age of five years. When such problems are observed beyond this age, it is likely that the child is dyslexic. The problem is also evident among children who are unable to spell words correctly by interchanging letters, such as ‘f’ and ‘v’, ‘p’ and ‘b’, ‘b’ and ‘v’, ‘c’ and ‘s’, ‘a’ and ‘u’ among other letters that have some likeness.  This is a problem that is identifiable through observing some characteristics, such as inability to distinguish right from left. According to Robb & Pia zza (2004) some simple but critical knowledge such as understanding right and left, bottom and up, high and low as well as maintaining a particular position assigned to the child in a game need to be clearly understood by the age of five years. When such problems are observed beyond this age, it is likely that the child is dyslexic. The problem is also evident among children who are unable to spell words correctly by interchanging letters, such as ‘f’ and ‘v’, ‘p’ and ‘b’, ‘b’ and ‘v’, ‘c’ and ‘s’, ‘a’ and ‘u’ among other letters that have some likeness.   Dyslexic children usually have problems recognizing the sequence of activities, numbers and series. For example, it may be difficult to follow A-Z or 1-100. Even the sequence of letters in words may be a problem to such children, which is presents a major learning difficulty especially due to failure in spelling words correctly. For example, they may make mistakes while spelling words such as ‘lead’ for ‘deal’, and ‘name’ for ‘mane’, ‘left’ for ‘felt’, ‘except’ for ‘expect’ among other words with the same sound. Another problem may be misplacement of syllables. ‘Animal’ may be spelt as ‘aminal’, and ‘activity’ as ‘actitivy’. It is also difficult for such children to recognize the backward sequence such as Y, X, W, V, U e. t. c in the alphabetical order. The child unwillingly fails to pay attention to instructions.